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Shirley Vivian Teresa Brittain Williams, Baroness Williams of Crosby, PC (née Catlin; born 27 July 1930) is a British politician and academic. Originally a Labour Member of Parliament (MP) and Cabinet Minister, she was one of the "Gang of Four" rebels who founded the Social Democratic Party (SDP) in 1981.〔The SDP later merged with the Liberal Party to form the Liberal Democrats.〕 Between 2001 and 2004, she served as Leader of the Liberal Democrats in the House of Lords and, from 2007 to 2010, as Adviser on Nuclear Proliferation to Prime Minister Gordon Brown. She currently serves as an active lawmaker in the House of Lords and as Professor Emerita of Electoral Politics at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University, among numerous other activities. == Early life and education == Born in Chelsea, London, Williams was the daughter of political scientist and philosopher Sir George Catlin and the feminist and pacifist writer Vera Brittain. She was educated at various schools, including Mrs Spencer's School in Brechin Place, South Kensington; Christchurch Elementary School in Chelsea; Talbot Heath School in Bournemouth; and St Paul's Girls' School in London. During the Second World War, she was evacuated to Minnesota in the United States for three years. While she was an undergraduate and Open Scholar at Somerville College, Oxford, Williams was a member of the Oxford University Dramatic Society (OUDS) and toured the USA playing the role of Cordelia in an OUDS production of Shakespeare's ''King Lear'' directed by a young Tony Richardson. In 1950, she became the first woman to chair the Oxford University Labour Club. After graduating as a Bachelor of Arts in Philosophy, Politics and Economics, Williams was awarded a Fulbright Scholarship and studied at Columbia University in New York City. On returning to Britain, she began her career as a journalist, working firstly for the ''Daily Mirror'' and then for the ''Financial Times''. In 1960, she became General Secretary of the Fabian Society. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Shirley Williams」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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